Humus ni umwijima-mwirabura, amorphous, polydispersed organic organic ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile yangiritse cyane. Ikozwe mu mubiri, imiti, na mikorobe yangirika no guhindura ibisigazwa byinyamaswa n'ibimera. Kubwibyo, ibaho cyane mubutaka, ifu, lignite, amazi nubutaka. Ibyingenzi byingenzi muri humus ni acide humic na acide fulvic, kandi birimo humin nkeya. Kubera ko aside ya humic iboneka muri alkali ariko ikaba itari muri acide, aside fulvic irashobora gushonga muri acide na alkali, na humus ntishobora gushonga muri acide na alkali, naho HM ntishobora gushonga muri aside na alkali. , bityo barashobora gutandukana no kwezwa kurwego runaka binyuze mubisubizo. Acide Humic ni acide ya macromolecular igizwe na aromatic hamwe nitsinda ryimikorere itandukanye. Ifite reaction nyinshi kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubuhinzi, ubuvuzi no kurengera ibidukikije nizindi nzego.